Basic Operations of Computer System

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In this post, I will explain the various basic operations of a computer system.

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What is Computer Operations?

Have you ever wondered how your computer got its power?

Have you ever wanted to know what's happening inside your computer while it's running?

What about why certain key combinations make the computer do different things?

You may not know this, but computers are composed of thousands of little switches that work together.

Computers are made up of many different components that all work together to accomplish the tasks that the computer is instructed to do.

They process information, store data, and provide output in some form or another.

What this means is that each component has a specific task that it performs in order for the computer to be able to function properly.

Computers are built on three major components: hardware, software, and input/output devices.

There are also other components that provide input or output for the system, but these are hardware components by definition.

All of these components work together to make your computer run correctly.

The way your PC functions depends on what type of operating system you have installed on it - whether it's Windows 10 or macOS for example, all PCs have their own operating system.

Definition of Computer Operations

Simply put, computer operations mean whatever instruction you give to the computer system, then that computer system executes your instruction.

The process of executing the instruction given by you is called computer operations.

There are various computer operations, which are defined in this post.

Basic Operations of Computer System

There are five basic operations of computer system, which are given below.

1. Inputting
2. Processing
3. Outputting
4. Storing
5. Controlling

Read Basic Fundamental of Computer System

• What is Computer?
• What is CPU?
• What is Software?
• Basic Components of Computer
• Hardware Components of Computer
• Parts of Computer
• Generations of Computer
• Classifications of Computer
• Applications of Computer
• Uses of Computer System
• Functions of Computer
• Uses of Computer Graphics
• Uses of Internet
• Uses of Smartphones
• Uses of Mobile Phone
• Uses of Laptop
• Types of Laptop
• Different Types of Computer
• Types of Web Browser
• Block Diagram of Computer
• Advantages of Computer
• Disadvantages of Computer
• Characteristics of Computer
• Limitations of Computer
• Capabilities of Computer
• Elements of Computer System
• Structure of Computer
• Names of Computer
• What is Accuracy in Computer ?
• What is Speed in computer?
• Types of Operating System
• What is Pen Drive?
• What is Portable Computer and its types?
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile Phone
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Email
• Examples of Hardware
• Examples of Utility Software

1. Inputting

What is Inputting?

Simply put, inputting is a process by which a user enters any type of data into a computer system.

Inputting is the first basic operations of computer system. Input devices are used to provide information to the computer. For example, your mouse or keyboard may be an input device.

You can also use the camera to take pictures or videos and then upload them to your PC.

The keyboard is an example of an input device.

When you type on a keyboard, pressing your individual keys converts the letters - A, B, C - into binary code that is sent to the system's processor or CPU.

The CPU then parses this code and produces an appropriate output based on what was input.

For example, if you typed "ABC" on the keyboard, "ABC" would be parsed as ABC by the system's processor or CPU and it would generate a letter for each key pressed (i.e., A = a; b = b; c = c).

Computers are not only used to run programs but also to store data.

There are several types of storage devices you can use to store data - a hard drive, a DVD, a USB flash drive, etc.

And computers have several ways to input data into these storage devices, such as through a USB port or by using a keyboard.

If you're inputting data from another source (such as a camera), it's likely to go through an interface card before reaching the CPU.

Note - You cannot enter any type of data into the computer without the use of an input device.

If you want to enter any data into the computer, then you will have to use an input device.

And there are many types of input devices, whose names are given below.

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Joy Stick
• Light pen
• Track Ball
• Scanner
• Graphic Tablet
• Microphone
• Magnetic Ink Card Reader(MICR)
• Optical Character Reader(OCR)
• Bar Code Reader

2. Processing

Processing is the second basic operations of a computer system. In simple language, the processing means, when the computer system starts executing the instructions given by the user, then this process is called processing.

The processor is the component of a computer that does most of the "work" in terms of processing.

It's responsible for running programs and carrying out instructions from the user.

The processor reads and writes information to and from the hard disk (a type of storage device) and sends messages to other components in the computer like the monitor, mouse, or keyboard.

All this data flowing through your PC happens because electricity is running through each component at a specific speed or frequency.

This is called clock speed. The higher the clock speed, the more quickly information will be processed on your PC.

For example, some PCs may run at 1 GHz (which means one billion cycles per second), while others might run at 800 MHz (800 million cycles per second).

3. Outputting

Outputting is the third basic operations of computer. In simple language, outputting means, the result of instruction given by a user is called output.

Whatever input is given by the user computer, then the output result of that input is outputting.

Input/output devices are responsible for the computer's interaction with the physical world.

For instance, a keyboard or mouse are input/output devices.

They are responsible for responding to your commands and providing feedback.

The computer needs these components to provide output, which is information that comes out of the system.

This includes visual feedback like video or text, as well as audio feedback like sound or music.

HW is made up of all the physical components that define how your PC operates - it is what allows you to interact with your PC in some way.

HW could include your keyboard, mouse, microphone, or speakers.

These are all hardware pieces that allow you to use your computer in some way.

SW is made up of everything on your screen - everything from Microsoft Word to Spotify - and it is what allows you to interact with those programs on your computer.

SW could include Microsoft Office or an online game like Candy Crush Saga.

Combined, HW and SW make up the "operating system" (OS) of your computer because they're what makes it function correctly and work with each other.

The OS ( Operating system ) allows input devices like keyboards and mice to work with output devices like monitors; this means you can control what happens on screen by typing on a keyboard or moving a mouse around!

You also need drivers (software) for both HW and SW so they will communicate properly; without drivers installed, you won't be able to do anything.

Note - Without using an output device, you cannot get the output result of any input data. You have to use an output device to get the output result.

And there are many types of output devices, whose names are given below.

• Monitor
• Printer
• Headphones
• Computer Speakers
• Projector
• GPS
• Sound Card
• Video Card
• Braille Reader
• Speech-Generating Device

4. Storing

Storing is the fourth basic operations of computer system. In simple language, storing means, the output result that comes after executing the instruction given by a user, and storing that output result is called storing.

The CPU is responsible for storing data in your computer's memory, which is where the data is stored when you type it into a word document or open an image.

The CPU processes this data to make it easier to retrieve. Processors are the components that are responsible for executing applications that are stored in your computer's memory.

These processors can be found on the motherboard and can vary depending on the PC’s specifications.

When you save a file, you are copying it from random access memory onto a storage device like an external hard drive, CD/DVD, or flash drive.

When you save a file to your computer's hard drive, you're always saving two copies of the original file - one copy in its original location and one backup copy in another location.

This redundancy ensures that if something happens to the first file - say by accident deletion - then there is another copy of it somewhere else on your hard drive.

There are various types of storage device, which are given below.

• Hard Disk Drive ( HDD )
• Floppy Disks
• Tapes
• Compact Discs (CDs)
• DVD and Blu-ray Discs
• USB Flash Drives
• Secure Digital Cards (SD Card)s
• Solid-State Drives (SSD)
• RAM
• ROM

5. Controlling

Controlling is the fifth basic operations of computer. Controlling means the combinations of all computer operations.

Controlling is a type of process that monitors the instruction given by the user from the time it is executed to the output result. This process itself is called controlling.

In simple language, monitoring means monitoring, which device is doing its work or not.

In a basic computer system, the monitoring work is done by the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit).

I hope you understand.

Example of Controlling - Computer Mouse

The computer mouse translates your hand movements into instructions for the computer.

The buttons can be found on either side of your computer mouse, and often features three buttons that allow you to scroll up and down a page, without clicking.

A few other input devices are touch screens, joysticks, trackballs, and keyboards.

The world of computers is large and complex, but with some knowledge - such as how a mouse works - you can better understand how they work.

We hope that you have fully understood about basic operations of computer system, if you still have not understood, then please comment on us.

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FAQ Related to Computer Operations

What are the basic operations in Computer?

There are 5 basic operations in computer system, which are given below.

• Inputting
• Processing
• Outputting
• Storing
• Controlling

How many types of Operating system in computer?

There are various types of operating system in computer, which are given below.

• Batch Operating System
• Time-Sharing Operating System
• Distributed Operating System
• Network Operating System
• Real-Time Operating System

What are the examples of computer operating system?

There are various examples of computer operating system, which are given below.

• MS Windows
• MS DOS
• Ubuntu OS
• Mac OS
• Apple IOS
• Linux OS
• UNIX OS
• Chrome OS
• Fedora OS